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KMID : 0355420230470030118
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Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health
2023 Volume.47 No. 3 p.118 ~ p.124
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Risk factors for dental caries and severe periodontitis in Korean adults: analysis with the 2016-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data
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Jung Se-Hwan
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Abstract
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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for dental caries and severeperiodontitis using the data from the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHANES) for improving the lifestyle risk assessment and oral health education in national adultdental examination program.
Methods: The participants included 7,301 adults aged 19-59 years for dental caries analysis and4,886 adults aged 40-59 years for severe periodontitis analysis. Self-care of oral hygiene (brushing teeth frequency, brushing teeth before bed, use of interdental brush or floss), sugar intake, andsmoking were selected as risk factors related to oral health. The other risk factors included sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, region, household income, education), dental care utilization (dental examination, unmet dental needs), and systematic diseases (hypertension, diabetes,high cholesterol). The association between the target diseases and risk factors was analyzed usinga complex samples logistic regression model.
Results: Dental caries was negatively associated with brushing teeth frequency, interdental brushing or flossing, sugar intake, and age; and positively associated with smoking and oral examination.
Severe periodontitis was positively associated with smoking, diabetes, age, and region (eup/myeon). Gender (male), household income (low), and unmet dental care (yes) were positively associated with dental caries or severe periodontitis.
Conclusions: It was possible to obtain evidence of lifestyle factors (self-care oral hygiene, sugarintake, smoking) affecting the target disease (dental caries or periodontal disease) for the nationaladult dental examination program. However, there were limitations in estimating causality as thiswas a cross-sectional study, and the explanatory power of the risk model was low. Therefore, it isnecessary to conduct a cohort study of the adult dental examination program to obtain a higher levelof evidence on the risk factors of the target diseases.
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KEYWORD
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Adult, Dental caries, Health behavior, Periodontitis, Risk factors
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